{"id":4800,"date":"2019-11-04T14:47:10","date_gmt":"2019-11-04T06:47:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.choubb.com\/?p=4800"},"modified":"2022-04-22T10:12:36","modified_gmt":"2022-04-22T02:12:36","slug":"%e5%85%b3%e5%85%b3%e9%9b%8e%e9%b8%a0-%e4%bd%95%e9%b8%9f%e5%9c%a8%e6%b4%b2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.choubb.com\/?p=4800","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u5173\u96ce\u9e20, \u6d32\u6cb3\u8109\u8109"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u672c\u6587\u4ece\u5148\u79e6\u5b57\u4e66”\u65b9\u8a00”\u5165\u624b, \u7ed3\u5408”\u8bd7\u7ecf”\u6587\u672c\u548c\u5468\u5357\u5173\u4e2d\u5730\u57df\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b\u8c03\u67e5\u548c\u4e60\u6027, \u5f00\u521b\u6027\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86\u96ce\u9e20\u7684\u771f\u5b9e\u9762\u76ee, \u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u8d4b\u4e88\u4e2d\u534e\u7b2c\u4e00\u8bd7”\u5173\u96ce”\u4ee5\u66f4\u591a,\u66f4\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u4eba\u6587,\u5386\u53f2\u548c\u81ea\u7136\u80cc\u666f.<\/em><\/p>

Referencing to Dialects<\/em>, a book written by Yang Xiong(\u626c\u96c4)<\/a> around 53 BCE-18 CE, the species of the bird Ju Jiu(\u96ce\u9e20), its historical and cultural significance are analysed in depth. Ju jiu(\u96ce\u9e20), the bird described in the poem Guan ju(\u5173\u96ce)<\/a> in the Book of Songs (\u8bd7\u7ecf)<\/a> is normally taken as osprey with lot of arguments through the history.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

“\u5173\u5173\u96ce\u9e20,\u5728\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d32”, \u4e94\u7ecf\u4e4b\u9996, \u8bd7\u7ecf\u4e4b\u59cb, \u5343\u767e\u5e74\u6765, \u5176\u5bf9\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u4e0d\u8a00\u800c\u55bb. \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e2d\u56fd\u6587\u5316\u7684\u5960\u57fa\u77f3, \u66f4\u662f\u7194\u94f8\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4ebaDNA\u91cc\u7684\u6f5c\u610f\u8bc6. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u53ef\u53f9\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5, “\u96ce\u9e20”\u662f\u4f55\u7269\u79cd\u4ecd\u7136\u4f17\u53e3\u7eb7\u7ead, \u5404\u6267\u4e00\u8bcd. \u5f00\u7bc7\u6bd4\u5174\u548c”\u8bd7\u5883” \u83ab\u80fd\u4e24\u53ef, \u542b\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05, \u4ee4\u5168\u8bd7\u7684\u8d4f\u6790, \u591a\u5c11\u6709\u4f3c\u662f\u800c\u975e, \u8fde\u8fde\u6447\u5934\u4e4b\u611f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u67e5\u8be2\u5148\u79e6\u5b57\u7ecf\u300a\u5c14\u96c5\u00b7\u91ca\u9e1f\u300b\uff1a\u201c\u96ce\u9e20\uff0c\u738b\u96ce\u3002\u201d . “\u5173\u5173”\u62df\u5176\u9e23\u53eb, “\u96ce\u9e20” \u6216”\u738b\u96ce” \u662f\u5176\u540d, \u9e20\u6709”\u805a”\u4e4b\u610f, \u662f\u7fa4\u5c45\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b. \u8fd9\u4e2aX=Y\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u5bf9\u4eca\u4eba\u5e76\u65e0\u591a\u5c11\u610f\u4e49.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65f6\u81f3\u9b4f\u664b, \u9646\u673a\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u96ce\u9e20\uff0c\u5927\u5c0f\u5982\u9e31\u3002\u6df1\u76ee\uff0c\u76ee\u4e0a\u9aa8\u9732\u3002\u5e7d\u5dde\u4eba\u8c13\u4e4b\u9e6b”\u3002\u90ed\u749e\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u96ce\u9e20\uff0c\u738b\u96ce\uff0c\u96d5\u7c7b\u3002\u4eca\u6c5f\u4e1c\u547c\u4e4b\u4e3a\u9e57(osprey)\uff0c\u597d\u5728\u6c5f\u6e1a\u5c71\u8fb9\u98df\u9c7c”\u3002 \u4ee5\u5173\u96ce<\/strong>\u5168\u7bc7\u6765\u9a8c\u8bc1, \u9e6b\u9e31\u9c7c\u9e70\u4e4b\u8bf4\u7686\u79bb\u9898\u592a\u8fdc. \u4e14\u4e0d\u8bf4\u6c5f\u4e1c\u4e0e\u6cb3\u6d32\u98ce\u7269\u8fe5\u7136, \u9e70\u9e6b\u4e4b\u8d28\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5168\u7bc7\u793c\u4e50\u6566\u539a\u4e4b\u98ce, \u8bf8\u591a\u540e\u4eba\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9. \u503c\u5f97\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\u9b4f\u664b\u65f6\u671f\u88c2\u56fd\u767e\u5e74\u4ee5\u4e0a, \u4ee5\u957f\u5b89, \u6d1b\u9633\u4e3a\u6b63\u97f3\u7684\u901a\u8bed\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5df2\u7ecf”\u4e0d\u901a”. \u751f\u957f\u4e8e\u5434\u5730\u7684\u9646\u673a, \u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u5434\u5730\u7684\u90ed\u749e, \u66f4\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8bf4\u6b64\u4e8c\u4eba\u5176\u4e00\u5bf9\u5468\u5357\u4e4b\u5730\u7684\u98ce\u571f\u4e0d\u751a\u4e86\u89e3, \u5176\u4e8c\u5bf9\u5468\u5730\u96c5\u8a00\u4e00\u77e5\u534a\u89e3, \u5982\u4e0a\u63e3\u6d4b\u4e5f\u60c5\u6709\u53ef\u539f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8003\u5bdf\u5f53\u4ee3\u4e2d\u6587, \u4e0d\u8bba\u7ffb\u9605\u8f9e\u4e66\u8fd8\u662f\u9020\u8bbf\u5404\u5730, \u603b\u662f\u60ca\u5947\u4e2d\u6587\u6709\u5982\u6b64\u4e4b\u591a\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd, \u5982\u679c\u52a0\u4e0a\u5c1a\u5b58\u4e8e\u53e4\u6587\u4e2d\u7684\u540c\u4e49\u8bcd\u66f4\u662f\u6d0b\u6d0b\u5927\u89c2. \u53e4\u4eba\u65e9\u5c31\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898: \u4e5d\u5dde\u8a00\u8bed\u5404\u5f02, \u800c\u4e66\u5199\u6587\u5b57\u5219\u5927\u4f53\u4e00\u7edf. \u867d\u7136\u6709\u53f2\u4ee5\u964d\u6570\u6b21\u767e\u591a\u5e74\u88c2\u571f\u7eb7\u4e89, \u4e66\u5199\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u8bad\u8bfb\u4e00\u540c\u56e0\u5730\u5f02\u5316, \u5468\u79e6\u6c49\u5510\u548c\u5927\u6e05\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21\u5927\u4e00\u7edf\u90fd\u5e26\u6765\u4e86\u6587\u5b57\u8bed\u97f3\u7684\u878d\u5408\u4e00\u7edf\u548c”\u901a\u8bed”\u7684\u6269\u6563, \u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u63a8\u5e7f\u7b80\u5316\u5b57\u548c\u666e\u901a\u8bdd\u4ecd\u65e7\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fd8\u5728\u7ee7\u7eed\u7684\u6f2b\u957f\u8fc7\u7a0b. \u5148\u79e6\u65f6\u671f\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u6625\u79cb\u6218\u56fd\u65f6\u671f\u6c49\u5b57\u81f3\u5c11\u8981\u53cd\u6620\u4e5d\u5dde\u4e4b\u65b9\u8a00, \u5176\u8bcd\u6c47\u7528\u8bed\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u6587\u5b57\u4e0a\u8981\u517c\u5bb9\u5e76\u5305, \u540c\u65f6\u59ec\u5468\u8fd8\u8981\u63a8\u5e7f”\u96c5\u8a00” \u901a\u8bed, \u4ee5\u5229\u56fd\u4e8b. \u897f\u6c49\u626c\u96c4\u7684\u8f9e\u4e66”\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>” \u7edd\u597d\u7684\u53cd\u5e94\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61. \u672c\u6587\u4ee5”\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>” \u4f5c\u4e3a\u5207\u5165\u70b9, \u6765\u8003\u5bdf\u5148\u79e6”\u96ce\u9e20”\u4e4b\u610f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u516b:<\/td>\u9ce9\uff0c\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u6771\u5468\u912d\u4e4b\u90ca\u3001\u97d3\u9b4f\u4e4b\u90fd\u8b02\u4e4b\ud868\udc5c\u9df1\uff0c\u5176\ud868\udc5b\u9ce9\u8b02\u4e4b\u9e0a\u9df1\u3002\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u897f\u79e6\u6f22\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u9d74\u9ce9\uff0c\u5176\u5927\u8005\u8b02\u4e4b\u9cfb\u9ce9<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u5c0f\u8005\u8b02\u4e4b\ud868\udc5b\u9ce9\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4ceb\u9ce9\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u4cd5\u9ce9\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u9dbb\u9ce9\u3002\u6881\u5b8b\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u9de6\u4ca9\u3002<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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\u65b9\u8a00<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

“\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>“\u4e2d\u5e76\u65e0”\u96ce\/\u738b\u96ce” \u8bcd\u6761, \u6709”\u9e20”\u5b57\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u6709\u4e8c, \u4ee5\u4e0a\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761. \u5468\u5357\u4e4b\u97f3\u5219\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e86”\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>“\u4e2d\u79e6\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u4ee5\u897f,\u5173\u4e2d\u548c\u6c49\u6c34\u6d41\u57df. \u9d74\u9ce9\u8bfbju2jiu1, \u8ddf\u96ce\u9e20ju1jiu1\u51e0\u4e4e\u4e00\u6837, \u5982\u679c\u7528\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u79e6\u8154\u6765\u8bfb\u53d1\u97f3\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c. \u7531\u6b64\u770b\u6765\u9d74\u96ce\u4e8c\u5b57\u7684\u97f3\u65c1”\u4e14”\u548c”\u530a” \u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u5148\u79e6\u65f6\u4ee3\u662f\u5b8c\u5168\u540c\u97f3\u7684. \u6781\u5927\u6982\u7387”\u9d74”\u548c”\u96ce”\u662f\u540c\u97f3\u901a\u5047\u5b57.<\/strong> \u90a3\u4e48\u96ce\u9e20\u5c31\u591a\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u5b57”\u9d74\u9e20”, \u6b64\u8bf4\u6210\u7acb\u7684\u8bdd\u4e5f\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5468\u5357\u7684\u5730\u7406\u65b9\u4f4d\u5c31\u662f\u79e6\u51fd\u8c37\u5173\u4ee5\u897f\u7684\u5173\u4e2d\u548c\u6c49\u6c34\u6d41\u57df. <\/strong> \u53ea\u6709\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5730\u57df\u624d\u79f0\u96ce\u9e20<\/strong>, \u662f\u5468\u5357\u6b63\u97f3.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u4e14”\u662f”\u7956”\u7684\u672c\u5b57, “\u4fce”\u7684\u58f0\u65c1\u517c\u5f62\u65c1, “\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57”\u6709\u4f17\u591a\u6c49\u5b57\u5c5e\u4e8e”\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8, \u8fd9\u4e9b\u5b57\u4eca\u65e5\u53d1\u97f3\u5404\u5f02, \u5927\u591a\u6570\u53d1zu\u548cju\u4e8c\u97f3. \u66f4\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u662f\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6761: “\u48b8<\/strong>\uff1a\u53f3\u6276\u98a8\u9120\u9109\u3002\u4ece\u9091\u4e14\u8072\u3002” \u8fd9\u4e2a\u53f3\u6276\u98ce\u9120\u9109\u5c31\u662f\u5b97\u5468\u6ca3\u9550\u4e4b\u5730. “\u48b8”\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5927\u6982\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u796d\u7940\u7956\u5b97\u7684\u4e61\u9091\u4e86, \u6240\u8c13\u7684\u5de6\u7956\u53f3\u5e99\u4e4b\u5de6\u7956, \u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e\u5317\u4eac\u7d2b\u7981\u57ce\u4e1c\u7684\u592a\u5e99. \u897f\u5468\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5b97\u5e99\u610f\u4e49\u8fdc\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u796d\u7956, “\u4e3e\u51e1\u7ee7\u627f\u738b\u4f4d\u3001\u5206\u5c01\u8bf8\u4faf\u3001\u4efb\u547d\u5b98\u804c\u3001\u8d4f\u8d50\u81e3\u4e0b\u6216\u8bf0\u8beb\u81e3\u4e0b\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u9686\u91cd\u4e3e\u884c\u518c\u547d\u793c\u3002”\u5468\u793c\u00b7\u5927\u5b97\u4f2f”\uff1a\u201c\u738b\u547d\u8bf8\u4faf\u5219\u50a7\u201d\uff0c\u90d1\u7384\u6ce8\uff1a\u50a7\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e4b\u4e5f\u3002\u738b\u5c06\u51fa\u547d\uff0c\u5047<\/a>\u7956\u5e99<\/a><\/strong>\uff0c\u7acb\u4f9d\u524d\uff0c\u5357\u4e61\uff0c\u50a7\u8005\u8fdb\u5f53\u547d\u8005\uff0c\u5ef6\u4e4b\u547d\u4f7f\u767b\uff0c\u5185\u53f2\u7531\u738b\u53f3\u4ee5\u7b56\u547d\u4e4b\uff0c\u964d\uff0c\u518d\u62dc\u7a3d\u9996\uff0c\u767b\uff0c\u53d7\u7b56\u4ee5\u51fa\u3002<\/a>” \u8fd9\u4e9b\u56fd\u4e8b\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u48b8\u9091\u7684\u7956\u5e99\u8fdb\u884c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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“\u4e14”\u5b57\u7684\u6f14\u5316<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece”\u8bf4\u6587”\u7684 “\u48b8”\u548c”\u4e14”\u5b57\u91ca\u4e49, \u96ce\u9e20\u4e4b\u610f\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u79cd\u53ef\u80fd\u5c31\u662f\u6307\u6ca3\u9550\u4e8c\u4eac\u48b8\u9091\u7684\u9e20\u9e1f, \u5f15\u7533\u4e3a\u738b\u96ce, \u6216\u8005\u6697\u6307\u9e20\u9e1f\u4e3a”\u7956”. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u48b8”, “\u3010\u5510\u97fb\u3011\u3010\u96c6\u97fb\u3011\u3010\u97fb\u6703\u3011\u5343\u4f59\u5207\uff0c\u97f3\u75bd\u3002\u3010\u8aaa\u6587\u3011\u53f3\u6276\u98a8\u9120\u7e23\u6709\u48b8\u9115\u3002\u53c8\u3010\u5ee3\u97fb\u3011\u5b50\u4f59\u5207\u3002\u7fa9\u540c\u3002<\/a>” \u4ece\u4ee5\u4e0a”\u5eb7\u7199\u5b57\u5178” \u5f15\u7528\u7684\u4e2d\u53e4\u5510\u97f3\u6765\u770b, “\u4e14”\u548c”\u530a”<\/strong>\u90e8\u8fd8\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u786e\u8ba4\u66fe\u7ecf\u662f\u540c\u97f3\u7684, “\u4e14”\u6f14\u5316\u5230\u4eca\u65e5, \u4ee5\u5510\u97f5\u6765\u770b, \u81f3\u5c11\u6709\u7c7b\u4f3cz, j , q\u4e09\u4e2a\u4ee5\u4e0a\u7684\u58f0\u6bcd. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u5728\u5148\u79e6\u7684\u96c5\u8a00\u91cc\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e00\u81f4. “\u530a”\u90e8\u5b57\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u4e5f\u5168\u90e8\u4e00\u6837. \u4ee5\u4eca\u65e5\u4e4b\u97f3\u97f5\u5b66\u6765\u770b, “\u4e14”\u97f3\u867d\u6709\u5206\u5316, z\u548cj\u4ecd\u7136\u540c\u5c5e\u4e0d\u9001\u6c14\u7684\u585e\u64e6\u97f3<\/a>, \u533a\u522b\u662fz\u5c5e\u4e8e\u820c\u5c16\u524d\u97f3, j\u5c5e\u4e8e\u820c\u9762\u97f3. \u901a\u4fd7\u7684\u8bb2, j\u97f3\u662f\u5927\u820c\u5934\u61d2\u820c\u5934, z\u97f3\u8981\u8d39\u70b9”\u820c\u529b”, \u820c\u5c16\u633a\u76f4\u9876\u5728\u9f7f\u80cc. \u53c2\u8003\u5357\u5317\u671d\u81f3\u968b\u671d\u7684\u989c\u4e4b\u63a8\u8bb0\u8ff0”\u5357\u65b9\u6c34\u571f\u548c\u67d4\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u6e05\u4e3e<\/strong>\u800c\u5207\u8be3<\/strong>\uff0c\u5931\u5728\u6d6e\u6d45\uff0c\u5176\u8f9e\u591a\u9119\u4fd7\u3002\u5317\u65b9\u5c71\u5ddd\u6df1\u539a\uff0c\u5176\u97f3\u6c89\u6d4a<\/strong>\u800c\u920b\u949d<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f97\u5176\u8d28\u76f4\uff0c\u5176\u8f9e\u591a\u53e4\u8bed”\u3002<\/strong>\u5bf9\u6bd4z\u548cj\u97f3, z\u97f3\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6e05\u4e3e<\/strong>, \u820c\u5c16\u548c\u58f0\u97f3\u90fd\u76f8\u5bf9\u4e0a\u626c, \u820c\u5c16\u62b5\u9f7f\u6709\u5207<\/strong>\u4e4b\u610f; j\u97f3\u820c\u9762\u5e73\u94fa, \u53ef\u8c13\u6c89<\/strong>, \u53e3\u578b\u76f8\u5bf9\u920b\u949d<\/strong>\u5706\u6da6. \u4ee5\u4e2d\u53e4\u65f6\u671f\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u53cd\u63a8\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3\u97f5, “\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8\u5468\u5357\u4e4b\u97f3\u7684\u76f4\u63a5\u4f20\u627f\u5c31\u662fj\u58f0\u6bcd, z\u58f0\u6bcd\u662f\u5357\u97f3\u6df7\u5165\u540e\u5c06\u4e00\u90e8\u5206”\u4e14”\u97f3\u5206\u5316, \u53d1\u97f3\u4e3az. \u81f3\u6b64, \u6211\u4eec\u63a2\u8ba8\u4e86”\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8\u4e24\u4e2a\u58f0\u6bcdz\u548cj\u7684\u5206\u5316, \u63a8\u65ad\u4e86j\u58f0\u6bcd\u4f20\u627f\u81ea\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3, z\u58f0\u6bcd\u662f\u5357\u97f3\u6df7\u5165. <\/strong> <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8\u7684\u4e2d\u53e4\u5510\u97f3\u6709\u76f8\u5f53\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u662f”\u4e03\u4f59\u5207”, \u5982”\u96ce”\u548c”\u48b8” . “\u3010\u5ee3\u97fb\u3011\u3010\u97fb\u6703\u3011\u4e03\u4f59\u5207\u3010\u96c6\u97fb\u3011\u5343\u9918\u5207\uff0c\u97f3\u75bd”\u3002\u4e03\u4f59\u7684\u58f0\u6bcdq\u8ddfj\u540c\u4e3a\u820c\u9762\u97f3, \u53e3\u578b\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c, \u533a\u522b\u4e3aj\u662f\u4e0d\u9001\u6c14\u97f3, q\u662f\u9001\u6c14\u97f3. \u4ee5\u989c\u4e4b\u63a8\u7684\u89c2\u5bdf\u6765\u63a8\u65ad, \u9001\u6c14\u53ef\u8c13\u4e4b\u6c89<\/strong>, \u4e5f\u8c13\u4e4b\u920b\u949d<\/strong>, \u4e5f\u662f\u6b63\u5b97\u7684\u5468\u5357\u4e4b\u97f3, \u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u66f4\u53e4\u8fdc\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u65b9\u5f0f. \u53ef\u4ee5\u5927\u80c6\u63a8\u65ad, \u5468\u5357\u7684”\u4e14”\u90e8\u97f3\u975ej\u5373q, \u6216\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u81f3\u6b64, \u6211\u4eec\u4ece”\u4e14”\u90e8\u4e09\u4e2a\u4e0d\u540c\u58f0\u6bcdz, j, q, \u4e0a\u6eaf\u5176\u4e2d\u53e4\u97f3, \u4ee5\u81f3\u63a8\u65ad\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3, \u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u662f”\u96ce”\u7684\u58f0\u6bcd\u975ej\u5373q, \u6216\u5904\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4. j\u548cq\u53d1\u97f3\u53e3\u578b\u5b8c\u5168\u76f8\u540c, \u533a\u522b\u662f\u4e0d\u9001\u6c14\u548c\u9001\u6c14\u7684\u533a\u522b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u8bf4\u6587\u89e3\u5b57”\u91cc”\u530a”\u97f3\u90e8\u5f88\u7b80\u5355, \u516d\u4e2a\u5b57\u530a\u97f3, \u5c45\u516d\u5207, \u4eca\u5929\u662fj\u58f0\u6bcd, \u4f46\u662f\u9d74\u5b57\u5e76\u4e0d\u5728\u5217, \u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a”\u8bf4\u6587”\u90fd\u4e0d\u5728\u5217. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7efc\u5408”\u4e14”\u97f3\u90e8\u548c”\u530a”\u97f3\u90e8\u7684\u8003\u5bdf, \u5176\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3\u58f0\u6bcd\u975ej\u5373q,\u6216\u5904\u4e8e\u4e2d\u95f4, \u6781\u5927\u6982\u7387\u4e24\u97f3\u90e8\u7684\u5b57\u90fd\u662f\u540c\u97f3\u901a\u5047\u5b57. \u5468\u5357\u4e4b\u5730, \u4e14\u48b8\u96ce\u530a\u9d74<\/strong>\u7684\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684, \u6216\u8005\u5728\u4e0a\u53e4\u6f2b\u957f\u7684\u5c81\u6708\u91cc\u4e00\u5ea6\u540c\u97f3\u901a\u5047.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u5927\u8005\u8b02\u4e4b\u9cfb\u9ce9<\/strong>“, \u9cfb<\/strong>ban1, \u6591\u9e20\u4e5f! “\u5173\u5173\u96ce\u9e20”\u5c31\u662f\u5495\u5495\u53eb\u7684\u6591\u9e20\u554a! \u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u8003\u5bdf”\u65b9\u8a00”\u91cc\u6240\u6709\u7684X+\u9e20<\/strong>\u76f8\u5173\u5b57\u8bcd, \u518d\u65e0\u4e00\u4e2a\u63a5\u8fd1\u96ce<\/strong>\u8bfb\u97f3\u7684\u8bcd\u6761\u4e86. \u8fd9\u4e5f\u57fa\u672c\u5750\u5b9e\u4e86\u9d74\u9e20\u548c\u96ce\u9e20\u7684\u552f\u4e00\u76f8\u5173\u6027. \u552f\u4e00\u80fd\u63a8\u7ffb\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ed3\u8bba\u7684\u662f\u96ce-\u9d74\u7684\u8bfb\u97f3\u5728\u5148\u79e6\u65f6\u4ee3\u4e0d\u662f\u901a\u5047. \u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u627e\u4e0d\u5230\u4efb\u4f55\u53cd\u8bc1.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ee5\u6591\u9e20\u7684”\u610f\u5883”\u6765\u5ba1\u89c6\u5173\u96ce<\/strong>\u4e00\u8bd7, \u4e00\u5207\u66fe\u6709\u7684\u7591\u95ee\u90fd\u7545\u8fbe\u6d88\u6563\u4e86.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bd7\u7ecf\u91cc\u63cf\u5199\u9e1f\u517d\u7e41\u591a, \u5176\u53d6\u6750\u90fd\u662f\u65e5\u5e38\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u4e61\u95f4\u7530\u95f4\u7269\u79cd. \u5468\u5357\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u662f\u96ce\u9e20, \u53ec\u5357\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u662f\u9e4a\u548c\u9e20, \u5c0f\u96c5\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7”\u5466\u5466\u9e7f\u9e23”, \u518d\u6b21\u5609\u9c7c\u9e3f\u96c1, \u90fd\u662f\u9ec4\u6cb3\u6d41\u57df\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684. \u5176\u6b21\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u53d1\u73b0\u5468\u4eba\u7edd\u53e3\u4e0d\u63d0\u51f6\u79bd\u731b\u517d. \u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5468\u53ec\u6b63\u98ce\u6781\u5176\u663e\u8457\u7684\u7279\u70b9. \u8868\u73b0\u4e86\u5468\u4eba\u770b\u5f85\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u773c\u5149. \u5bf9\u6bd4\u4e24\u6cb3, \u5e0c\u814a\u548c\u5370\u5ea6\u7684\u795e\u8bdd\u53f2\u8bd7, \u4ec5\u4ece\u8bd7\u6b4c\u8868\u8c61\u6765\u770b\u5468\u4eba\u5982\u540c\u751f\u6d3b\u5728\u4f0a\u7538\u56ed\u7684\u590f\u5a03\u4e9a\u5f53, \u4e07\u7269\u548c\u8c10, \u5176\u4e50\u878d\u878d,\u4e0d\u77e5\u6101\u82e6, \u66f4\u4e0d\u77e5\u4e0a\u5929\u5730\u5e9c\u4e4b\u4e3b\u5bb0. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u5e94\u7528\u8def\u7ebf\u8c03\u67e5\u6cd5\u5bf9\u897f\u5317\u519c\u6797\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u6821<\/strong>\u56ed\u9e1f\u7c7b<\/a>\u7684\u79cd\u7c7b\u6570\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u4e86\u521d\u6b65\u8c03\u67e5\u3002\u7ed3\u679c\u8868\u660e,\u897f\u5317\u519c\u6797\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u6821\u56ed\u5171\u5206\u5e03\u9e1f\u7c7b\u670933\u79cd,\u5f55\u5c5e8\u76ee,21(\u4e9a)\u79d1\u3002\u5176\u4e2d,\u7559\u9e1f23\u79cd,\u590f\u4faf\u9e1f8\u79cd,\u65c5\u9e1f2\u79cd\u3002\u5317\u6821\u533a\u4f18\u52bf\u79cd\u7c7b\u6709\u9e3d\u5f62\u76ee\u7684\u73e0\u9888\u6591\u9e20<\/strong>\u3001\u96c0\u5f62\u76ee\u7684\u5bb6\u71d5\u3001\u7070\u559c\u9e4a\u3001\u4e4c\u9e2b\u53ca\u9ebb\u96c0;\u5357\u6821\u533a\u5219\u4ee5\u9ebb\u96c0\u3001\u73e0\u9888\u6591\u9e20<\/strong>\u3001\u91d1\u8170\u71d5\u3001\u7070\u690b\u9e1f\u53ca\u91d1\u7fc5\u96c0\u4e3a\u4e3b\u8981\u4f18\u52bf\u79cd\u3002” \u8fd9\u4efd2008\u5e74\u5728\u5468\u4eba\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5730\u5e26\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b\u8c03\u67e5, \u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u65f6\u81f3\u4eca\u65e5, \u6591\u9e20\u8fd8\u662f\u8fd9\u4e00\u5730\u533a\u6700\u666e\u904d\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b. “<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“\u6591\u9e20\u6816\u606f\u4e8e\u4f4e\u5c71\u4e18\u9675<\/a>\u3001\u5e73\u539f\u548c\u5c71\u5730\u9614\u53f6\u6797\u3001\u6df7\u4ea4\u6797\u3001\u6b21\u751f\u6797\u3001\u679c\u56ed\u548c\u519c\u7530\u8015\u5730\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b85\u65c1\u7af9\u6797\u548c\u6811\u4e0a\u3002\u9e23\u58f0\u4f4e\u6c89\uff0c\u5176\u58f0\u4f3c\u2018ku-ku-ku\u2019\u53cd\u590d\u91cd\u590d\u591a\u6b21. \u5e38\u6210\u5bf9\u6216\u6210\u5c0f\u7fa4\u6d3b\u52a8\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u6210\u5bf9\u6816\u606f\u4e8e\u6811\u4e0a\uff0c\u6216\u6210\u5bf9\u4e00\u8d77\u98de\u884c\u548c\u89c5\u98df\u3002\u5982\u4f24\u5176\u96cc\u9e1f\uff0c\u96c4\u9e1f\u60ca\u98de\u540e\u6570\u5ea6\u98de\u56de. \u96cc\u96c4\u4eb2\u9e1f\u8f6e\u6d41\u5b75\u5375\uff0c\u5b75\u5375\u671f\u95f4\u751a\u4e3a\u604b\u5de2\uff0c\u6709\u65f6\u4eba\u5728\u5de2\u4e0b\u8d70\u52a8\u6216\u505c\u7559\u4ea6\u4e0d\u79bb\u5de2\u98de\u8d70\uff0c\u5b75\u5375\u671f18-19\u5929\u3002\u96cf\u9e1f\u665a\u6210\u6027\uff0c\u521a\u51fa\u58f3\u65f6\u96cf\u9e1f\u88f8\u9732\u65e0\u7fbd\uff0c\u8eab\u4e0a\u4ec5\u6709\u7a00\u758f\u51e0\u6839\u9ec4\u8272\u6bdb\u72b6\u7ed2\u7fbd\u3002\u7531\u96cc\u96c4\u4eb2\u9e1f\u5171\u540c\u629a\u80b2\uff0c\u96cf\u9e1f\u5c06\u5634\u4f38\u5165\u4eb2\u9e1f\u53e3\u4e2d\u53d6\u98df\u4eb2\u9e1f\u4ece\u55e6\u56ca\u4e2d\u5410\u51fa\u7684\u534a\u6d88\u5316\u4e73\u72b6\u98df\u7269\u2018\u9e3d\u4e73\u2019\u3002”\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u89c6\u9891\u53ef\u4ee5\u542c\u5230\u6591\u9e20\u6c42\u5076\u65f6\u7684\u5495\u5495\u58f0, \u770b\u5230\u96c4\u6591\u9e20\u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b\u7684\u6c42\u5076\u821e\u8e48: \u89c6\u9891\u4e00<\/a>, \u89c6\u9891\u4e8c<\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4ece\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa”\u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b” \u662f\u6307\u96c4\u9e1f\u5f6c\u5f6c\u6709\u793c, \u97a0\u8eac\u6c42\u5076\u7684\u6837\u5b50. “\u9d74\/\u96ce”\u4e5f\u6709\u6307\u6591\u9e20\u6c42\u5076\u65f6\u7684\u97a0\u8eac\u4e4b\u610f. “\u897f\u5468\u3001\u6625\u79cb\u95f4\u8d35\u65cf\u5f88\u8bb2\u7a76\u70e6\u7410\u7684\u4ea4\u9645\u793c\u8282\uff0c\u300a\u793c\u8bb0\u00b7\u8868\u8bb0\u300b\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u65e0\u8f9e\u4e0d\u76f8\u63a5\u4e5f\uff0c\u65e0\u793c\u4e0d\u76f8\u89c1\u4e5f\u201d\u3002\u600e\u6837\u4ee5\u201c\u793c\u201d\u76f8\u89c1\u5462\uff1f\u90d1\u7384\u6ce8\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u793c\u8c13\u631a\u4e5f<\/strong>\u3002\u201d\u5f53\u65f6\u8d35\u65cf\u5f7c\u6b64\u521d\u6b21\u76f8\u89c1\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u6709\u8981\u4e8b\u800c\u76f8\u89c1\uff0c\u6765\u5bbe\u90fd\u8981\u6309\u7167\u81ea\u5df1\u8eab\u4efd\u548c\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\uff0c\u624b\u6267\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u89c1\u9762\u793c\u7269\uff0c\u4e3e\u884c\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\u76f8\u89c1\u4eea\u5f0f\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u624b\u6267\u7684\u89c1\u9762\u793c\u7269\uff0c\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u631a\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4f5c\u201c\u8d3d\u201d\uff0c\u4e5f\u53eb\u201c\u8d28\u201d\u3002”<\/a> \u4ee5\u6591\u9e20\u6c42\u5076\u4e4b\u793c, \u6765\u6bd4\u62df\u541b\u5b50\u5927\u592b\u58eb\u4eba\u7684\u6c42\u5076\u4e4b\u793c, \u8ddf”\u5173\u96ce”\u5168\u7bc7\u5b8c\u5168\u543b\u5408. \u89c8\u5173\u96ce\u5168\u7bc7, \u770b\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u5c0f\u89c6\u9891, \u8111\u8865”\u60c5\u666f”\u4ea4\u878d\u4e4b\u611f, \u5468\u4eba\u6bd4\u5174\u4e4b\u8d34\u5207\u9ad8\u660e\u4ee4\u4eba\u53f9\u670d. \u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b, \u4e24\u60c5\u76f8\u60a6\u7684\u9e1f\u513f\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4e0d\u53ea\u6709\u6591\u9e20\u4e00\u79cd\u9e1f, \u6709\u9e1f\u7c7b\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5217\u4e3e\u4e00\u4e0b, \u96c6\u601d\u5e7f\u76ca. \u6bcb\u5eb8\u7f6e\u7591, \u6591\u9e20\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u5f53\u65f6\u6700\u666e\u904d\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684”\u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b” \u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b, \u50cf\u8bd7\u7ecf\u4e2d\u63cf\u5199\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u9e1f\u517d\u4e00\u6837, \u5468\u4eba\u6709\u610f\u53d6\u5176\u666e\u904d\u6027, \u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u793c\u4e50\u4e4b\u610f: \u6b63\u98ce\u4e4b\u60c5\u5f25\u6563\u4e8e\u4e61\u9042\u5c71\u6797, \u6b63\u98ce\u4e4b\u8bd7\u5439\u62c2\u4e8e\u6bcf\u4e2a\u5468\u4eba\u7537\u5973: \u7530\u91ce\u8fb9, \u5927\u6cb3\u65c1, \u6c99\u6d32\u4e0a, \u6625\u590f\u4e4b\u4ea4, \u5904\u5904\u662f\u6591\u9e20\u6210\u53cc\u6210\u5bf9\u5495\u5495\u606c\u9759\u7684\u6837\u5b50, \u65e0\u4e0d\u6697\u793a\u548c\u63d0\u9192”\u541b\u5b50\u6dd1\u5973” \u6b64\u523b\u82b1\u597d\u6708\u5706, \u8981\u50cf\u6591\u9e20\u4e00\u6837”\u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b”\u6c42\u53d6\u5a5a\u914d\u4e86. \u5b9e\u666f, \u8bd7\u60c5\u548c\u5185\u60c5\u5728\u8fd9\u4e00\u523b\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7684\u878d\u5408, \u8fd9\u96be\u9053\u4e0d\u662f\u6700\u9ad8\u660e\u7684\u6559\u5316\u4e48? \u4e0d\u662f3000\u5e74\u524d\u521b\u9020\u7684\u5171\u60c5?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7ecf\u5178\u89e3\u8bfb\u96ce\u9e20\u4e3a\u6c34\u9e1f, \u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u5434\u4eba\u81ea\u7136\u5730\u7406\u7684\u5c40\u9650, \u4e5f\u662f\u5176\u5148\u5165\u4e3a\u4e3b\u7684\u601d\u7ef4. “\u5728\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d32”, \u6d32\u662f\u9ec4\u6cb3\u4e2d\u53ef\u5c45\u4f4f\u7684\u6c99\u6d32,\u5c0f\u5c9b. \u53ef\u80fd\u4eba\u5c45, \u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u9e1f\u517d\u5c45. \u5927\u6cb3\u4e2d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6c34\u8349\u4e30\u7f8e\u7684\u65e0\u4eba\u5c0f\u5c9b\u4e0a, \u9e1f\u7fa4\u7199\u7199, \u6216\u7ffb\u6ce5\u5f04\u571f, \u6216\u55f7\u55f7\u5f85\u812f, \u662f\u4eca\u5929\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\u7684\u666f\u8c61. \u4ece\u5b57\u9762\u4e0a\u770b, \u96ce\u9e20\u5728”\u6d32” \u4e0d\u5728”\u6cb3”, \u662f\u559c\u6b22\u6ee9\u6d82\u6c99\u6d32\u7684\u9e1f, \u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u6c34\u9e1f. \u603b\u4e4b, \u6c34\u9e1f\u8bf4\u4e8e\u8bd7\u60c5\u4e8e\u6587\u5b57\u90fd\u8bb2\u4e0d\u901a, \u662f100%\u7684\u731c\u6d4b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u4e0a\u53e4\u97f3\u4eca\u5929\u4e0d\u53ef\u77e5, \u6240\u4ee5\u62df\u58f0\u8bcd”\u5173\u5173”\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u4e2a\u53c2\u8003, \u4ee5\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u53d1\u97f3\u63a8\u6d4b\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u9e1f\u7c7b. \u9664\u4e86\u6591\u9e20, \u8fd8\u6709\u4e24\u79cd\u6625\u590f\u4e4b\u9645\u5173\u4e2d\u666e\u904d\u89c1\u5230\u7684\u9e1f, \u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f,\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u6234\u80dc. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f\u4e5f\u79f0\u4e3a\u675c\u9e43,\u5b50\u89c4, \u4e60\u6027\u8fd1\u6c34, \u662f\u6587\u5b66\u8bd7\u6b4c\u91cc\u7684\u5e38\u5ba2,\u674e\u5546\u9690\u7684\u540d\u53e5”\u671b\u5e1d\u6625\u5fc3\u6258\u675c\u9e43”\u662f\u4e5f. \u82f1\u6587\u540dCuckoo\u5c31\u662f\u5176\u53eb\u58f0\u7684\u62df\u97f3. \u5927\u675c\u9e43\u7e41\u6b96\u671f5-7\u6708\u3002\u6c42\u5076\u662f\u96cc\u96c4\u9e1f\u5728\u6811\u679d\u4e0a\u8df3\u6765\u8df3\u53bb\uff0c\u98de\u4e0a\u98de\u4e0b\u4e92\u76f8\u8ffd\u9010<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e76\u53d1\u51fa\u201c\u547c-\u547c-\u201d\u7684\u4f4e\u53eb\u58f0\u3002\u4e4b\u540e\u96cc\u9e1f\u7ad9\u5728\u6811\u679d\u4e0a\u4e0d\u52a8\uff0c\u4e24\u7fc5\u534a\u4e0b\u5782\uff0c\u5934\u5411\u524d\u4f38\uff0c\u96c4\u9e1f\u968f\u5373\u98de\u5230\u96cc\u9e1f\u80cc\u4e0a\u3001\u98a4\u6296\u53cc\u7fc5\u8fdb\u884c\u4ea4\u5c3e\uff0c2-3\u5206\u949f\u540e\uff0c\u96c4\u9e1f\u98de\u79bb\u96cc\u9e1f\uff0c\u505c\u6816\u4e8e30-40\u7c73\u5916\uff0c\u7a0d\u505c\u5728\u98de\u5230\u96cc\u9e1f\u8eab\u8fb9\uff0c\u4e5f\u66fe\u89c1\u52303\u53ea\u5927\u675c\u9e43\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u8ffd\u9010\u4e89\u5076\u73b0\u8c61\u3002\u5927\u675c\u9e43\u65e0\u56fa\u5b9a\u914d\u5076\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u81ea\u5df1\u8425\u5de2\u548c\u5b75\u5375<\/strong>\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5c06\u5375\u4ea7\u4e8e\u5927\u82c7\u83ba\u3001\u9ebb\u96c0\u3001\u7070\u559c\u9e4a\u3001\u4f2f\u52b3\u3001\u68d5\u5934\u9e26\u96c0\u3001\u5317\u7ea2\u5c3e\u9e32\u3001\u68d5\u6247\u5c3e\u83ba\u7b49\u5404\u7c7b\u96c0\u5f62\u76ee\u9e1f\u7c7b\u5de2\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9e1f\u66ff\u5b83\u5e26\u5b75\u5e26\u80b2\u3002<\/a> \u4ee5\u5468\u4eba\u5bf9\u793c\u7684\u8ffd\u6c42, \u8fd9\u4e48\u4e00\u4e2a\u6ee5\u4ea4\u4e0d\u517b\u80b2\u540e\u4ee3\u7684\u532a\u76d7\u9e1f\u662f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u8bd7\u7bc7\u7684<\/strong>. \u51b5\u4e14\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u95f4\u559c\u6b22\u9e23\u53eb\uff0c\u5e38\u7ad9\u5728\u4e54\u6728\u9876\u679d\u4e0a\u9e23\u53eb\u4e0d\u606f\u3002\u6709\u65f6\u665a\u4e0a\u4e5f\u9e23\u53eb\u6216\u8fb9\u98de\u8fb9\u9e23\u53eb\uff0c\u53eb\u58f0\u51c4\u5389\u5b8f\u4eae<\/a>, \u5176\u53eb\u58f0\u8ddf\u5173\u96ce\u7684\u559c\u5e86\u6c1b\u56f4\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u5408\u62cd, \u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u662f\u541b\u5b50\u5a92\u5981\u5a5a\u59fb\u7684\u8c61\u5f81. “\u9526\u745f”\u4e00\u8bd7\u4e5f\u540c\u6837\u53d6\u5176\u53eb\u58f0\u60b2\u82e6\u4e4b\u610f. \u4ece”\u65b9\u8a00<\/a>” \u91cc\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6392\u9664\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f, \u5176\u5355\u72ec\u7684\u8bcd\u6761: “\u5e03\u7a40\uff0c\u81ea\u95dc\u6771\u897f\u6881\u695a\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u7d50\u8aa5\uff0c\u5468\u9b4f\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u64ca\u7a40\uff0c\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u897f\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u5e03\u7a40\u3002” \u5148\u79e6\u5173\u4e2d\u7684\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f\u540d\u79f0\u8ddf\u4eca\u5929\u8fd8\u662f\u4e00\u6837\u7684: \u5e03\u7a40(\u8c37).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7b2c\u516b:<\/td>\u5c38\u9ce9\uff0c\u71d5\u4e4b\u6771\u5317\u671d\u9bae\u6d0c\u6c34\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u9d9d\u4cb9\u3002\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u6771\u8b02\u4e4b\u6234\u9d40\uff0c\u6771\u9f4a\u6d77\u5cb1\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u6234\u5357\uff0c\u5357\u7336\u9d40\u4e5f\u3002\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u9dad\u9e05\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\u6234\u9cfb\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b<\/a>\u6234\u52dd<\/a><\/strong>\u3002\u6771\u9f4a\u5433\u63da\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\u9d40\u3002\u81ea\u95dc\u800c\u897f\u8b02\u4e4b\u670d\u9d9d\uff0c\u6216\u8b02\u4e4b\ud868\udcc3\u9d9d\u3002\u71d5\u4e4b\u6771\u5317\u671d\u9bae\u6d0c\u6c34\u4e4b\u9593\u8b02\u4e4b\ud868\udc89\u3002<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u6234\u80dc\u662f”\u65b9\u8a00”<\/a>\u91cc\u6709”\u9e20”\u5b57\u7684\u4e24\u4e2a\u8bcd\u6761\u4e4b\u4e00. \u518d\u67e5”\u5c14\u96c5”, \u6709”\u9cf2\u9ce9\uff0c\u9d36\u9d74”, \u9d74(\u96ce)\u5b57\u53c8\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86. \u9d36\u9d74\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u975e\u5e38\u50cf\u738b\u96ce(\u9d74), \u5dee\u522b\u5728\u9996\u5b57. \u9d36\u5b57\u5728\u8bf4\u6587\u548c\u65b9\u8a00\u91cc\u90fd\u4e0d\u5b58.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8003\u5bdf\u6234\u80dc, \u53c8\u540d\u9e24\u9e20,\u9d36\u9d74, \u6816\u606f\u4e8e\u5c71\u5730\u3001\u5e73\u539f\u3001\u68ee\u6797\u3001\u6797\u7f18\u3001\u8def\u8fb9\u3001\u6cb3\u8c37\u3001\u519c\u7530\u3001\u8349\u5730\u3001\u6751\u5c6f\u548c\u679c\u56ed\u7b49\u5f00\u9614\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4ee5\u6797\u7f18\u8015\u5730\u751f\u5883\u8f83\u4e3a\u5e38\u89c1\u3002<\/a>\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u96c4\u9e1f\u95f4\u5e38\u4e3a\u4fdd\u62a4\u9886\u5730\u800c\u683c\u6597<\/strong>\uff1b\u683c\u6597\u65f6\u53cc\u65b9\u4e92\u76f8\u903c\u8fd1\uff0c\u5148\u662f\u9ad8\u8038\u7740\u7fbd\u51a0\u3001\u5634\u5c3d\u91cf\u5411\u4e0b\u4f38\u5730\u5bf9\u5cd9\u7740\uff0c\u7a81\u7136\u95f4\u4e92\u76f8\u54ac\u7740\u5634\u5c16\uff0c\u62d4\u6cb3\u4f3c\u7684\u62c9\u6210\u76f4\u7ebf\u4ee5\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u8ddd\u79bb\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u4e8c\u8005\u76f8\u8fde\u7740\u4e00\u540c\u62cd\u7ffc\u5760\u4e0b\u8131\u5f00\uff0c\u5728\u5730\u4e0a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4e92\u76f8\u51b2\u51fb\uff0c\u76f4\u81f3\u4e00\u65b9\u9000\u8ba9\u4e3a\u6b62. \u4e00\u5e74\u7e41\u6b961\u7a9d\uff0c\u6bcf\u7a9d\u4ea7\u5375\u901a\u5e386-8\u679a<\/strong>\uff0c\u5076\u5c14\u5c11\u81f35\u679a\uff0c\u591a\u81f39\u679a\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u591a\u523012\u679a\u7684\u3002\u5375\u4e3a\u957f\u5375\u5706\u5f62\uff0c\u989c\u8272\u4e3a\u6d45\u9e2d\u86cb\u9752\u8272\u6216\u6de1\u7070\u8910\u8272\u3002\u96cc\u9e1f\u4ea7\u51fa\u7b2c\u4e00\u679a\u5375\u540e\u5373\u5f00\u59cb\u5b75\u5375\u3002\u5b75\u5375\u7531\u96cc\u9e1f\u627f\u62c5\uff0c\u5b75\u5316\u671f18\u5929\u3002\u96cf\u9e1f\u665a\u6210\u6027\u3002\u96cf\u9e1f\u521a\u5b75\u51fa\u65f6\u4f53\u91cd\u4ec53.5\u514b\uff0c\u4f53\u957f45\u6beb\u7c73\uff0c\u5168\u8eab\u8089\u7ea2\u8272\uff0c\u4ec5\u5934\u9876\u3001\u80cc\u4e2d\u7ebf\u3001\u80a1\u6c9f\u3001\u80a9\u548c\u5c3e\u6709\u767d\u8272\u7ed2\u7fbd\u3002\u96cc\u96c4\u4eb2\u9e1f\u5171\u540c\u80b2\u96cf\u3002\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eb2\u9e1f26-29\u5929\u7684\u5582\u517b\uff0c\u96cf\u9e1f\u5373\u53ef\u98de\u7fd4\u548c\u79bb\u5de2\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u96cf\u9e1f\u7684\u7caa\u4fbf\u4eb2\u9e1f\u4e0d\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u52a0\u4e4b\u96cc\u9e1f\u5728\u5b75\u5375\u671f\u95f4\u53c8\u4ece\u5c3e\u90e8\u817a\u4f53\u4e2d\u6392\u51fa\u4e00\u79cd\u9ed1\u68d5\u8272\u7684\u6cb9\u72b6\u6db2\u4f53\uff0c\u5f04\u5f97\u5de2\u5f88\u810f\u5f88\u81ed\uff0c\u6545\u6234\u80dc\u53c8\u6709\u2018\u81ed\u59d1\u59d1\u2019\u7684\u4fd7\u540d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u521d\u6b65\u5224\u65ad, \u4ee5\u96c4\u6234\u80dc\u6c42\u5076\u7e41\u6b96\u671f\u7684\u4e89\u6597, \u6709\u8fdd\u5468\u4eba\u6240\u597d\u7684”\u5728\u6cb3\u4e4b\u6d32”\u800c”\u631a\u800c\u6709\u522b”. \u5176\u4e09\u58f0\u59d1\u5495\u5495(\u6234\u80dc\u7684\u53eb\u58f0\u89c6\u9891<\/a>)\u8ddf\u6591\u9e20\u7684\u4e24\u58f0\u97f3\u8d28\u5f88\u50cf, \u4f46\u662f\u5173\u5173\u5173\u4e09\u58f0\u548c\u5173\u5173\u4e24\u58f0\u4ece\u62df\u97f3\u6765\u770b, \u8fd8\u662f\u6709\u5929\u58e4\u4e4b\u522b. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5eb7\u7199\u5b57\u5178\u6536\u5f55\u6709\u5357\u671d\u300a\u7389\u7bc7\u300b”\u9d36\u9d74\uff0c\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f\u4e5f”. \u8ddf”\u65b9\u8a00” \u4f3c\u4e4e\u6709\u4e9b\u77db\u76fe. \u8bd7\u7ecf\u00b7\u66f9\u98ce\u00b7”\u9e24\u9e20”\u4e00\u7bc7, \u53e4\u4eca\u5404\u79cd\u89e3\u8bfb\u4e5f\u8ba4\u4e3a\u9e24\u9e20\u662f\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f. “\u9e24\u9e20\u5728\u6851\uff0c\u5176\u5b50\u4e03\u516e”. \u66f9\u690d\u4e5f\u6709”\u4e03\u5b50\u5747\u517b\u8005, \u9e24\u9e20\u4e4b\u4ec1\u4e5f\u3002” , \u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u9e24\u9e20\u88ab\u53e4\u4eba\u6240\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7684\u7279\u70b9\u662f\u4e00\u6b21\u517b\u80b27\u5b50(\u5e7c\u9e1f), \u8fd9\u6070\u5de7\u662f\u6234\u80dc\u4ea7\u5375\u76846-8\u4e2d\u4f4d\u6570, \u4e5f\u8bc1\u660e\u4e86\u5468\u4eba\u5bf9\u5929\u5730\u4e07\u7269\u7684\u5468\u8be6\u8003\u5bdf, \u8bd7\u7ecf\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5199\u5b9e. \u8bd7\u7ecf”\u9e24\u9e20”\u7bc7\u7684\u6574\u7bc7\u5185\u5bb9\u662f\u5bf9\u541b\u5b50\u534e\u4e3d\u88c5\u626e\u7684\u8d5e\u7f8e, \u8fd9\u8ddf\u6234\u80dc\u51e4\u51a0\u4e94\u5f69\u7684\u5916\u8c8c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u81f4\u7684, \u5168\u7bc7\u4ee5\u6234\u80dc\u6bd4\u5174\u4e00\u65b9\u541b\u5b50, \u6709\u9b3c\u65a7\u795e\u5de5\u4e4b\u611f. \u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa, \u6c49\u4ee3\u4e4b\u540e\u5112\u5b66\u8bd7\u5bb6\u5df2\u7ecf\u4e22\u6389\u4e86\u5468\u4eba\u89c2\u5929\u5730\u800c\u4ee5\u4e00\u60ef\u4e4b\u4e3a\u738b\u7684\u5b9e\u8d28, \u6587\u5316\u4e2d\u5fc3\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5173\u4e2d\u6545\u5730, \u5176\u4eba”\u4e61\u97f3”\u6709\u522b, \u6df1\u9677\u6545\u7eb8\u800c\u4e0d\u8fa8\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u81ea\u7136. \u5468\u4eba\u79c9\u627f”\u5929\u547d\u9761\u5e38”, “\u656c\u5929\u4fdd\u6c11”\u7684\u601d\u7ef4, \u541b\u4f4d”\u5929\u4e4b\u6388\u547d”, \u201c\u5929\u89c6\u81ea\u6211\u6c11\u89c6\uff0c\u5929\u542c\u81ea\u6211\u6c11\u542c\u201d. \u542c\u6c11\u5fc3, \u89c2\u5929\u5730, \u8fd9\u662f\u5468\u4ee3\u541b\u4f4d\u738b\u547d\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u548c\u6839\u672c. \u89c2\u4e8e\u5929\u5730\u4e4b\u95f4, \u5176\u7ec6\u8282, \u5176\u53d8\u5316, \u90fd\u662f\u56fd\u4e4b\u8981\u52a1, \u66f4\u4e3a\u5929\u547d. \u8fd9\u662f\u5468\u4eba, \u5c24\u5176\u662f\u897f\u5468\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u6839\u672c\u7cbe\u795e, \u4e5f\u662f\u6211\u4eec\u6b23\u8d4f, \u8003\u5bdf\u6b63\u98ce\u548c\u96c5\u9882\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u80cc\u666f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8bd7\u7ecf”\u9e24\u9e20”\u7bc7\u4e5f\u5750\u5b9e\u4e86\u626c\u96c4”\u65b9\u8a00”<\/a>\u51c6\u786e\u6027, \u9e24\u9e20\u662f\u6234\u80dc\u800c\u975e\u5e03\u8c37\u9e1f, \u4e5f\u8868\u660e\u4e86\u96ce\u9e20(\u6591\u9e20)\u548c\u9e24\u9e20(\u6234\u80dc) \u662f\u5468\u4eba\u6bd4\u8f83\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u4e24\u79cd\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u9e1f. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5c0f\u7ed3\u4e00\u4e0b\u96ce\u9e20\/\u6591\u9e20\u7684\u6eaf\u6e90<\/p>\n\n\n\n